Top 10 Lucrative Administrative Disciplines Thriving in Nigeria

Introduction

Administrative disciplines play a vital role in Nigeria’s economy.

They ensure smooth operations across various sectors.

Skilled administrators enhance organizational efficiency and bolster productivity.

As Nigeria grows, the demand for skilled administrative professionals continues to rise.

The landscape of administrative roles is rapidly evolving.

Globalization brings new challenges and opportunities.

Digitalization transforms how administrative tasks are performed.

Organizations now value tech-savvy administrators who can navigate new technologies and processes.

This shift makes certain administrative roles increasingly lucrative.

The purpose of this post is clear: to highlight the top 10 lucrative administrative disciplines thriving in Nigeria.

By exploring these fields, aspiring professionals can identify promising career paths.

This information will guide them in their career choices and help them align with market needs.

As we delve into these top administrative disciplines, we will examine their relevance in today’s job market.

We will look at the skills and qualifications needed for each role.

Readers will gain insights into industry trends and opportunities as well.

With the rise of remote work and increased reliance on digital platforms, administrative roles are more critical than ever.

Professionals in this field must adapt to diverse work environments.

Those who embrace continuous learning and development will have the edge in this competitive landscape.

Understanding which administrative disciplines offer the best earning potential will empower job seekers.

It will allow them to strategically position themselves for success.

As we proceed, we will uncover how these roles contribute to individual and national economic growth.

Stay tuned as we explore the top 10 lucrative administrative disciplines thriving in Nigeria today.

These insights will serve as a roadmap for aspiring professionals seeking rewarding careers in this dynamic field.

The Importance of Administrative Disciplines in Nigeria

Definition of Administrative Disciplines

Administrative disciplines encompass various organizational functions.

They include planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling.

These functions ensure smooth and effective operations within businesses and institutions.

Administrative roles are integral to every organization, large or small.

They bridge the gap between management and operations.

By performing these roles, administrative professionals facilitate effective communication within teams.

Role in Organizational Success

Effective administration plays a pivotal role in achieving organizational success.

It ensures that resources are allocated efficiently.

Businesses need to develop clear policies and procedures to guide daily operations.

Streamlined administrative processes boost productivity.

Teams operate more cohesively, driving overall performance.

Good administration minimizes errors, ensuring accountability and transparency.

Moreover, strong administrative support can enhance decision-making processes.

By providing necessary information, administrators empower leaders to make informed choices.

They contribute to a proactive approach to problem-solving.

Overview of Effective Administration and Business Operations

Effective administration underpins all aspects of business operations.

It includes managing human resources, finance, and information technology.

Each area plays a critical role in organizational effectiveness.

In Nigeria, businesses face unique challenges such as complex regulations and economic instability.

This makes effective administration even more crucial.

Companies must navigate these issues while maintaining efficient operations.

Administrative professionals play a vital role in managing compliance.

Ensuring adherence to laws and regulations protects businesses from penalties.

A strong administrative framework promotes organizational resilience in uncertain environments.

Impact of Administrative Roles on Nigeria’s Economic Growth and Development

Administrative roles significantly impact Nigeria’s economic growth.

Strong administrative practices lead to improved productivity across sectors.

This, in turn, boosts the economy and generates employment opportunities.

Efficient administration reduces wasteful spending and enhances service delivery.

It fosters better utilization of resources, which propels economic development.

As companies grow, they contribute to national GDP and infrastructure improvements.

Furthermore, strong administrative systems attract foreign investments.

Investors seek stable business environments with effective governance.

Nigeria’s focus on enhancing administrative competencies can drive economic progress.

List of Key Administrative Disciplines

• Human Resource Management: This area focuses on recruiting and training employees.
  
  It aligns workforce skills with organizational needs.
  
  
• Financial Management: Managing budgets, accounting, and resource allocation falls under this discipline.
  
  Effective financial oversight ensures business sustainability.
  
  
• Project Management: This discipline involves planning and executing projects effectively.
  
  It ensures that projects meet deadlines and stay within budget.
  
  
• Supply Chain Management: This area coordinates all aspects of product delivery.
  
  Streamlined supply chains enhance customer satisfaction.
  
  
• Information Technology Management: Managing IT systems and infrastructure supports operations.
  
  It enables organizations to leverage technology for efficiency.
  
  
• Marketing Management: This discipline focuses on promoting products and services effectively.
  
  It drives sales and builds brand recognition.
  
  
• Customer Relationship Management: Cultivating positive customer interactions is essential.
  
  Strong customer relations lead to loyalty and repeat business.
  
  
• Operations Management: This discipline ensures that organizational processes run smoothly.
  
  It enhances productivity and operational efficiency.
  
  
• Strategic Planning: It involves setting long-term goals and objectives.
  
  Strategic planning aligns resources with organizational vision.
  
  
• Governance and Compliance: This area ensures adherence to laws and regulations.
  
  Effective governance fosters trust among stakeholders.

The Future of Administrative Disciplines in Nigeria

The future looks promising for administrative disciplines in Nigeria.

As the economy continues to grow, the demand for skilled professionals will rise.

Businesses need effective administration to navigate market complexities.

Education and training in administrative fields will become even more critical.

Educational institutions should focus on developing competencies in these areas.

This will ensure a steady supply of qualified professionals to meet industry needs.

Moreover, technological advancements will reshape administrative roles.

Automation and artificial intelligence are changing how organizations operate.

Professionals must adapt to these changes to remain relevant in the job market.

Investing in continuous learning and development is essential.

This will prepare administrative professionals for future challenges.

Organizations that prioritize effective administration will likely gain a competitive edge.

In summary, administrative disciplines play a vital role in Nigeria’s business landscape.

They enhance organizational performance and contribute to economic growth.

As the country continues to evolve, strong administrative practices will be crucial for success.

By investing in these key areas, organizations can improve their operations and drive innovation.

The focus on effective administration is not only beneficial for individual businesses, but it also strengthens Nigeria’s overall economy.

Read: Hotel Management Tips for Nigerian Entrepreneurs

Emerging Trends Influencing Administrative Professions

The landscape of administrative professions is rapidly transforming.

Recent trends, including remote work and digital transformation, significantly influence these changes.

With the rise of technology, organizations prioritize efficiency and flexibility.

This shift drives the demand for skilled professionals in various administrative roles.

Remote Work: A New Norm

Remote work has become a prevalent trend across industries.

The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated this transition for many organizations.

Businesses now realize that remote work can enhance productivity.

Employees often appreciate the flexibility it offers.

This flexibility shifts how administrative professionals approach their roles.

• Collaboration Tools: Tools like Slack, Zoom, and Microsoft Teams are essential for communication.
  
  
• Virtual Onboarding: Companies now implement comprehensive online onboarding processes.
  
  
• Work-Life Balance: Administrators must manage their time effectively while working from home.
  
  
• Cybersecurity Awareness: Remote work increases the need for data protection strategies.

Digital Transformation: Embracing Technology

Digital transformation is reshaping administrative functions significantly.

Organizations increasingly seek professionals skilled in various technologies.

Tools such as artificial intelligence and automation are becoming commonplace.

Administrative roles now focus on leveraging these technologies to streamline operations.

• Data Management: Professionals must proficiently manage digital files and databases.
  
  
• Project Management Software: Tools like Asana and Trello aid in task organization and tracking.
  
  
• Customer Relationship Management (CRM): Skills in CRMs are vital for administration and sales alignment.
  
  
• Social Media Management: Many administrative roles now require social media expertise.

Growing Demand for Skilled Professionals

The demand for skilled professionals in administrative roles continues to rise.

Organizations recognize that competent administrators drive efficiency.

They play a crucial role in business success.

Companies seek individuals with specific skills to adapt to the modern landscape.

• Communication Skills: Effective verbal and written communication is non-negotiable.
  
  
• Organizational Skills: Administrators must juggle multiple tasks and projects at once.
  
  
• Technical Proficiency: Familiarity with current software is increasingly crucial.
  
  
• Analytical Thinking: Professionals must analyze data to make informed decisions.

Changes in Job Markets

The changing job market reshapes the education and training of administrative professionals.

Educational institutions must adapt to industry expectations.

Diploma and degree programs are increasingly aligning with current trends.

• Online Courses: Institutions now offer remote learning options for flexibility.
  
  
• Certifications: Specialized certifications in project management and digital tools can enhance employability.
  
  
• Internships: Practical experience remains vital for understanding real-world applications.
  
  
• Networking Opportunities: Professionals benefit from joining relevant associations and attending conferences.

Future of Administrative Professions

To thrive in this evolving landscape, administrative professionals must embrace change.

They need to continually update their skills and knowledge.

Remote work and digital transformation are here to stay.

As companies adapt, they create new opportunities for skilled administrators.

The future looks promising for those ready to evolve with the trends.

Read: Essential Home Management Tools for Nigerian Families

Top 10 Lucrative Administrative Disciplines

Human Resource Management

Human Resource Management (HRM) plays a crucial role in organizations.

HR professionals oversee recruitment, training, and employee development.

They also ensure compliance with labor laws and regulations.

The demand for skilled HR managers continues to grow in Nigeria.

Potential career paths in HRM include HR generalist, labor relations specialist, and training manager.

Each role has its unique challenges and rewards.

Specialists in HRM can expect to earn an average salary between ₦1,200,000 and ₦3,000,000 annually.

The job growth in this field shows promising prospects, primarily due to Nigeria’s expanding business landscape.

Project Management

Project Management involves planning, executing, and closing projects.

It requires a skill set that includes leadership, communication, and risk management.

Industries such as oil and gas, construction, and information technology employ project managers extensively.

In Nigeria, project managers earn between ₦2,000,000 and ₦5,000,000 per year.

To excel in this role, individuals typically need qualifications such as PMP or PRINCE2 certifications.

The growth potential for project managers is significant, as more companies adopt structured project management approaches.

Business Administration

Business Administration offers a comprehensive understanding of various organizational functions.

Students learn about finance, marketing, and operations management.

This broad knowledge base equips graduates for diverse career opportunities.

The average salary for business administrators ranges from ₦1,500,000 to ₦4,500,000 annually.

Graduates can advance their careers through additional certifications or specialized training.

The sector’s versatility allows for growth in numerous fields, enhancing job security and prospects.

Supply Chain Management

Supply Chain Management (SCM) is vital for logistics and operations in Nigerian businesses.

SCM professionals manage the flow of goods and services from suppliers to consumers.

Their efforts help optimize efficiency and reduce costs for organizations.

In Nigeria, supply chain managers can earn between ₦2,500,000 and ₦6,000,000 annually.

Professional certifications, such as APICS or CIPS, can enhance a candidate’s employability.

The demand for supply chain specialists continues to grow, driven by globalization and e-commerce trends.

Marketing Management

Marketing Management focuses on promoting products and services.

It encompasses market research, branding, advertising, and digital marketing strategies.

The rise of social media has transformed the marketing landscape globally.

Marketing managers in Nigeria earn between ₦2,000,000 and ₦8,000,000 per year.

Creativity and innovative thinking are essential attributes in this discipline.

As businesses strive to differentiate themselves, skilled marketers will find many opportunities.

Office Administration

Office Administration encompasses a wide range of tasks supporting organizational operations.

Typical roles include administrative assistants, office managers, and executive secretaries.

Modern office administration has evolved to meet technological advancements and employee needs.

Administrative professionals can expect a salary between ₦1,000,000 and ₦3,000,000 annually.

In many organizations, skilled office administrators are crucial for smooth operations.

The continued demand for administrative roles reflects the importance of organizational support systems.

Financial Administration

Financial Administration involves managing an organization’s finances effectively.

This discipline is essential in budgeting, forecasting, and financial reporting.

Finance roles help ensure the economic stability of businesses.

Financial administrators in Nigeria typically earn between ₦1,800,000 and ₦4,500,000 annually.

Careers in this field often require qualifications such as ACCA or CFA.

The growth potential in finance roles reflects the increasing importance of financial management.

Public Administration

Public Administration is critical for the effective functioning of government and NGOs.

It encompasses policy formulation, program implementation, and community development efforts.

Public administrators serve in various capacities to enhance governance.

In Nigeria, public administration professionals can earn between ₦1,500,000 and ₦4,000,000 per year.

Their work significantly impacts community development and social change.

The growth prospects in public administration align with Nigeria’s ongoing need for improved governance.

Information Management

Information Management is essential in today’s data-driven world.

It involves collecting, analyzing, and utilizing data effectively.

Professionals in this field work across industries, from education to healthcare and technology.

Information managers in Nigeria can expect salaries ranging from ₦2,000,000 to ₦5,000,000 annually.

The demand for skills in data analytics and information technology continues to grow.

Career trajectories in this discipline are promising, offering numerous opportunities for advancement.

Executive Assistance

Executive Assistance involves providing high-level administrative support to executives.

Professionals in this role manage schedules, coordinate meetings, and handle correspondence.

Executive assistants play a critical role in enhancing organizational efficiency.

In Nigeria, executive assistants earn between ₦1,500,000 and ₦4,000,000 annually.

They must possess excellent communication and organizational skills.

The role offers opportunities for career growth, especially for those who excel in their responsibilities.

Read: Home Management for Nigerian Newlyweds

Skills and Qualifications for Success in Administrative Disciplines

Essential Skills for Administrative Success

In Nigeria’s dynamic workforce, administrative disciplines play a pivotal role in driving businesses forward.

Mastering essential skills enhances job performance and boosts career prospects.

Aspiring professionals should pay attention to the critical skills required across various administrative positions.

Core Administrative Skills

Here are some vital skills needed to excel in administrative roles:

• Organizational Skills: Efficient organization helps manage tasks and keep operations smooth.
  
  
• Time Management: Prioritizing tasks and managing time wisely is crucial for productivity.
  
  
• Attention to Detail: Ensuring accuracy minimizes mistakes and enhances the quality of work.
  
  
• Problem-Solving: Addressing challenges creatively is essential in fast-paced environments.
  
  
• Project Management: Coordinating projects ensures timely completion and aligns with company goals.

Importance of Education and Certification

While hard skills are essential, formal education reinforces your knowledge base.

Employers often seek candidates with degrees in business administration or related fields.

Additionally, certification courses can enhance your credibility.

Professional organizations offer certifications that showcase expertise and commitment.

• Bachelor’s Degree in Business Administration: This degree provides foundational knowledge for many administrative roles.
  
  
• Certification in Project Management: This certification equips professionals with essential project management skills.
  
  
• Human Resource Certification: This certification is valuable for those looking to specialize in HR administration.
  
  
• Office Management Courses: These courses cover key topics in effective office administration.
  
  
• Data Analysis Training: Learning data analysis can vastly improve decision-making processes.

Soft Skills for Administrative Roles

Beyond technical proficiency, soft skills can elevate your career in administrative disciplines.

Employers highly value these interpersonal capabilities:

• Communication Skills: Clear communication boosts team collaboration and client interactions.
  
  
• Leadership Skills: Inspiring and guiding team members is vital for project success.
  
  
• Adaptability: Flexibility to adjust to changing circumstances ensures resilience.
  
  
• Emotional Intelligence: Understanding emotions fosters better workplace relationships and conflict resolution.
  
  
• Teamwork: Collaborating effectively with colleagues enhances productivity and builds camaraderie.

In Nigeria’s thriving administrative landscape, possessing the right skills and qualifications significantly impacts career advancement.

Professionals should focus on developing a blend of hard and soft skills.

Continuous learning through education and certification can propel an administrative career forward.

By actively enhancing their abilities, individuals can contribute meaningfully to their organizations and achieve personal success.

Read: Common Challenges in Nigerian Hotel Management

Challenges Facing Administrative Professionals in Nigeria

Administrative professionals in Nigeria encounter various challenges that can hinder their career growth.

Understanding these obstacles is crucial for those aspiring to thrive in this field.

Below, we delve into some of the pressing issues these professionals face.

Common Obstacles

Several common obstacles complicate the work environment for administrative professionals in Nigeria.

These obstacles contribute to job dissatisfaction and can inhibit career advancement.

• Limited Resources: Many administrative offices operate with scant resources.
  
  This scarcity includes insufficient office supplies, outdated technology, and staffing shortages.
  
  With limited budgets, professionals struggle to complete tasks efficiently.
  
  
• Bureaucratic Hurdles: Bureaucracy often impedes decision-making.
  
  Administrative professionals frequently navigate intricate organizational structures.
  
  Lengthy approval processes can delay essential operations, making it difficult to implement changes swiftly.
  
  
• Inadequate Training Opportunities: Training opportunities vary widely.
  
  Many organizations fail to invest in professional development.
  
  Consequently, administrative staff may lack the latest skills needed to excel in their roles.
  
  
• Poor Infrastructure: Inconsistent power supply and outdated facilities impact productivity.
  
  Administrative professionals face frequent interruptions that disrupt workflows.
  
  Without reliable infrastructure, maintaining consistent performance becomes a challenge.

Impact of Technology Adaptation Challenges

Technology plays a vital role in modern administration.

However, adapting to rapid technological changes presents unique challenges.

• Resistance to Change: Some employees resist adopting new technologies.
  
  This resistance can stem from fear of the unknown or discomfort with new systems.
  
  Such attitudes hinder organizations from fully utilizing innovative tools.
  
  
• Skill Gaps: Many administrative professionals lack the necessary technological skills.
  
  Proficiency in software and digital tools is essential for success.
  
  Employers often face difficulties when trying to bridge these gaps.
  
  
• Training Costs: Implementing new technologies requires financial investment.
  
  Organizations may hesitate to allocate budgets for training.
  
  As a result, professionals struggle to keep pace with technological advancements.
  
  
• Cybersecurity Concerns: With increased reliance on technology, cybersecurity risks heighten.
  
  Admin professionals must navigate these risks while protecting sensitive data.
  
  The pressure to maintain security can be overwhelming, limiting their focus on core responsibilities.

Job Market Saturation

The competitive job market poses further challenges for administrative professionals.

Professionals must work hard to stand out among their peers.

• High Competition: A growing number of university graduates seek administrative roles.
  
  More professionals entering the job market can lead to saturation.
  
  This saturation results in heightened competition for available positions.
  
  
• Increased Expectations: Employers often expect more from candidates.
  
  They look for individuals with diverse skills and experiences.
  
  Administrative professionals must continually enhance their qualifications to remain competitive.
  
  
• Salary Pressures: With many applicants vying for the same positions, salary offers can stagnate.
  
  Employers may lowball compensation offers due to increased competition.
  
  As a result, dedicated professionals may struggle to find lucrative opportunities.
  
  
• Limited Promotion Opportunities: Career advancement can be slow in saturated markets.
  
  Many knowledgeable professionals apply for the same promotions.
  
  Consequently, some may feel stuck in their current positions, leading to dissatisfaction.

Administrative Roles and Responsibilities

A comprehensive understanding of these challenges is essential for aspiring administrative professionals.

Here are key roles they typically undertake:

• Organizing Meetings: Scheduling and preparing for meetings is a core responsibility.
  
  Administrative professionals must ensure all logistics align seamlessly.
  
  
• Managing Communications: They handle emails, calls, and other forms of communication.
  
  Good communication skills are vital for conveying messages clearly.
  
  
• Document Management: Professionals maintain records and files.
  
  They ensure that all documents are organized and accessible when needed.
  
  
• Project Coordination: Administrative staff often oversee project timelines.
  
  They coordinate with various departments to keep everything on track.

Strategies for Overcoming Challenges

While the challenges in the administrative field can seem daunting, there are strategies for overcoming them.

• Continuous Learning: Professionals should pursue ongoing education and training.
  
  This commitment to personal development can help bridge skill gaps.
  
  
• Networking: Building a strong professional network is essential.
  
  Networking can open doors to new opportunities and provide support.
  
  
• Seeking Feedback: Regularly requesting feedback can facilitate growth.
  
  Constructive criticism can help professionals refine their skills.
  
  
• Embracing Technology: Being open to adopting new tools can enhance efficiency.
  
  Embracing technology can also differentiate professionals in a saturated job market.

In fact, administrative professionals in Nigeria face significant challenges that can affect their careers.

By recognizing these obstacles and developing strategies to address them, professionals can improve their prospects in a competitive landscape.

Adaptability, continuous learning, and networking remain essential to success.

Understanding the administrative field’s dynamics empowers individuals to thrive despite obstacles.

Future Prospects of Administrative Disciplines in Nigeria

The administrative sector in Nigeria is undergoing a significant evolution.

As the nation grapples with both challenges and opportunities, administrative roles are expected to transform.

The dynamics of the economy, technological advancements, and the need for efficiency drive this change.

Predictions for the Future of Administrative Roles in the Nigerian Economy

Experts predict several fundamental shifts in administrative roles in Nigeria over the next decade.

Here are some key predictions:

• Increased Demand for Skilled Administrators: As businesses expand, the need for competent administrators will rise.
  
  
• Focus on Process Improvement: Companies will prioritize operational efficiency, leading to an increase in roles centered around process optimization.
  
  
• Integration of Remote Work: Remote administration roles will gain traction, allowing for a broader talent pool.
  
  
• Growth in Public Sector Administration: Government agencies will require skilled administrators to enhance service delivery.
  
  
• Rising Importance of Project Management: Effective administration will increasingly link to project management skills due to complex business projects.

The increase in administrative roles mirrors Nigeria’s expanding economy.

Organizations will need adept professionals to navigate growth challenges and opportunities.

Overall, the landscape of administrative careers is evolving, demanding new skills and adaptability from professionals.

Potential New Fields Emerging in Administration Due to Technological Advancement

Technological advancements are reshaping various sectors in Nigeria, including administration.

Several new fields are emerging as a result:

• Data Administration: With data becoming a valuable asset, professionals skilled in data management will be in high demand.
  
  
• Virtual Administration: Remote working technologies will give rise to virtual administrative roles that support operations from anywhere.
  
  
• Cybersecurity Administration: Organizations will need experts to manage data protection and security protocol compliance.
  
  
• Blockchain Administration: As blockchain technology grows, new administrative roles will emerge around managing and implementing decentralized systems.
  
  
• E-government Administration: The shift to digital platforms in government services will require professionals skilled in e-governance.

These emerging fields signify a substantial shift in the administrative landscape.

They showcase the blending of technology and traditional administrative functions, requiring professionals to continuously learn and adapt.

Potential candidates must equip themselves with technological skills to succeed.

The Importance of Adaptability in Administrative Careers

Adaptability has become a crucial trait for administrative professionals in Nigeria.

The rapidly changing environment demands that workers embrace change with an open mind.

Here are key reasons why adaptability is vital:

• Response to Market Changes: Economic conditions fluctuate, requiring administrators to pivot quickly to meet new demands.
  
  
• Continual Learning: The emergence of new technologies necessitates upskilling and embracing fresh industry trends.
  
  
• Enhanced Problem-Solving: Adaptable administrators can approach challenges creatively, finding effective solutions quickly.
  
  
• Increased Job Security: Professionals who demonstrate flexibility are more likely to retain their roles during organizational changes.
  
  
• Improved Team Collaboration: Adaptability fosters a cooperative work environment, essential in modern administrative teams.

Administrative professionals can significantly enhance their career prospects by prioritizing adaptability.

The ability to change and learn aligns well with the evolving demands of the modern workplace.

As Nigeria continues to develop, administrative roles will require professionals to embrace change and innovation.

In short, the future of administrative disciplines in Nigeria appears promising.

With various predictions outlining the increasing demand for skilled administrators, new fields emerging due to technological advancements, and the paramount importance of adaptability, administrative careers are set to thrive.

Nigeria’s industrious spirit combined with technological evolution will create vast opportunities for aspiring administrative professionals.

Those prepared to adapt to these shifts will find themselves at the forefront of a vibrant industry, contributing significantly to the nation’s economy.

Conclusion

Administrative disciplines play a crucial role in shaping Nigeria’s workforce.

They provide essential frameworks that drive businesses and organizations.

Individuals pursuing careers in these fields can significantly impact organizational success.

As industries evolve, the demand for skilled professionals in administration continues to rise.

Exploring these lucrative areas can lead to rewarding career opportunities.

Valuable disciplines such as human resources, project management, and operations administration are thriving in Nigeria.

Professionals can expect competitive salaries and job security in these fields.

By investing time in these sectors, individuals can position themselves for success.

The current job market in Nigeria values innovation and adaptability.

Continuous learning is vital for staying relevant in any profession.

Individuals should prioritize skill upgrades through workshops and online courses.

This approach enhances employability and opens new doors for career advancement.

In general, the significance of administrative disciplines in Nigeria cannot be overstated.

They offer pathways for professional growth in a dynamic economy.

By embracing these opportunities, individuals can contribute to the workforce’s overall strength.

Continuous education and skill enhancement will ensure sustained success in these evolving fields.

Ultimately, exploring these disciplines presents a bright future.

Individuals who take the initiative now will likely reap significant rewards later.

The journey may be challenging, but the prospects are promising.

Make the commitment to invest in your future today.